This article, written by Jane Blanchard, was kindly provided by Modernize, an Austin, TX-based provider of residential construction and renovation solutions.

The Republic of Costa Rica is a patchwork quilt of micro climates. In Playas Del Coco, on the westward Pacific coast, leisure travelers snorkel in blue-gray waters warmed by abundant sunlight and fed by 55 inches of rain a year. In Limón, on the eastward Caribbean coast, Afro-Caribbean locals dwell underneath rainforest canopies marinated in 140 inches of rain a year. Some regions have no discernible dry season. Nowhere, even on the 12,553-foot peak of Cerro Chirripo, does it snow.

Costa Rica has three constants: sun, rain, and fresh bananas. North American homes, designed for freeze-thaw cycles, cannot cope with the relentless subequatorial tropical climate. No one lives among the cloud forests of Monteverde, the reggae clubs of Puerto Viejo de Talamanca, or the legendary waves of Malpaís without paying the price.

Costa Rica claims a whopping five percent of the world’s biodiversity – and all those beetles, termites, ants and roaches love a good 2×4. Steel framing lasts longer than stick-framing, but steel requires several coats of anti-rust lead paint. Beach homes often use galvanized steel. Other construction techniques include cinder blocks, stucco and rammed earth blocks.

These techniques are not one-size-fits-all. Along the Pacific coast, diurnal temperatures may fluctuate 20-30 degrees Fahrenheit. Homes with high thermal mass, therefore, will mitigate daytime heat absorption and nighttime chilliness. Along the Caribbean coast, where diurnal temperatures flat-line, homes with low thermal mass will prevent heat storage.

The threat is real. Every second, more than 1,000 watts per square meter cascade onto the surface of the earth. Costa Rican architects wield the following practices to mute the effects of solar radiation.

• Homes are not built more than three stories tall. Many are erected on stilts.
• Canopy vegetation shades south-facing walls from afternoon sunrays.
• Living spaces employ French doors, half walls, breezeways and transoms for cross-ventilation.
• Attics, fixed pane windows, dark colors and exposed pavement are not encouraged.
• Homes are built on northern slopes, oriented towards the prevailing winds.
• Kitchens are often detached from the main living space and connected by a common roof.

Be aware that the Costa Rican electrical grid does not yet compare to the North American grid. Entire neighborhoods may be supplied by 120-volt, 15-amp service. High-tech appliances can be easily damaged during electrical storms. Whole-house voltage surge protection is a valuable investment.

Sunlight’s sidekick is moisture, an adversary responsible for mold and rot. Thankfully, proper interior ventilation and dehumidification solves all. Interior finishes that withstand high humidity include high-gloss paint, stone, vinyl and treated hardwood.

All is for not, however, if the home tumbles like a Jenga tower. In the past century, Costa Rica has sustained more than 10 earthquakes measuring over 5.7 on the Richter scale. Fourteen volcanoes speckle the country. Costa Rican homes must comply with national seismic building codes to avert a “London Bridge” effect. Solutions include vibration isolation pads, mass dampeners and sliding bearings.

Earthquakes suit Costa Rica. The country is dynamic, untamed, a patchwork quilt of lush waterfalls, ornate basilicas and surf shops. Where will you choose to build?

For more tips and tricks, please visit Modernize.com